Set Clear Wait Times Using Tactile Cues Between Steps
Facets
These facets are broadly related to the theme.
Contextual variations in routineClassified by AI
Whether and how users change AM goals or steps depending on day‑to‑day context.
Discomfort experiencedClassified by AI
Any negative sensations or visible reactions reported during/after application to identify tolerability issues.
Environment constraintsClassified by AI
Physical or situational constraints in the environment affecting the routine (lighting, sink size, interruptions) that influence application behavior.
Makeup interaction effectsClassified by AI
How each AM product/step impacts later makeup application and wear (pilling, grip, shine, longevity) to evaluate compatibility.
Sequencing rationaleClassified by AI
Participant explanation for the order they apply products (by texture, by actives, by finish, by step category) to understand logic behind sequencing.
Stacking of activesClassified by AI
Whether participants layer actives (vitamin C, acids, retinol, AHAs/BHAs, niacinamide, etc.) and how they combine them to assess safety/routine complexity.
Wait time between stepsClassified by AI
Measured time participants wait between steps (seconds/minutes) to analyze required drying/absorption windows and stacking practices.
Wait time reasonClassified by AI
Participant explanation for why they wait a certain duration (e.g., absorption, layering actives, avoid pilling) to interpret intent behind timing.
AM skincare step that most affects makeup performanceClassified by AI
Which single morning skincare product or step has the largest impact on how makeup sits/wears. Used to identify key interactions.
Routine changes on makeup daysClassified by AI
Whether and how participants alter their AM skincare routine on days they wear makeup (quantity, product swaps, skipping steps).
Makeup interaction issues observedClassified by AI
Specific problems participants notice when makeup is applied over their AM skincare (what goes wrong with makeup performance).
In-the-moment decision rules (rules of thumb)Classified by AI
How participants decide on-the-spot which steps to skip or combine — explicit heuristics or rules of thumb they rely on.
Motivations for skipping/combiningClassified by AI
Underlying reasons participants give for omitting or merging steps (the why behind behavior).
Situational triggers for skipping/combiningClassified by AI
Situations or contextual factors that prompt participants to skip or combine steps (probes: time pressure, irritation, weather, workouts, travel).
Quotes
“The only thing I really wait on is the I wash my face, then I put the toner. I wait a couple of minutes, and that's when I usually brush my teeth after I put my toner on just, like so it, like, dries up a little bit before I put on my my moisturizer. After that, I literally will wait just about two to three minutes and then I'll start my makeup if I wear that for the day. So not too long in between as I'm busy and I don't have that much time to just stand around waiting.”
“Yes. I have no idea if this is how you're supposed to do it, but I just kinda feel and if it's still just, like, a little bit tacky, not fully dry, I'll buy the next product. I want that first product to have its time to sink in, but I don't I don't personally feel like I need to wait super long in between. Again, don't know if that's true.”
“When I layer my products, I'd wait until they've been kinda absorbed or dried in so that they don't start to react with the next step or not do their intended purpose. So I just kinda wait a couple seconds after I applied it, make sure that it's dry, and then I move on to the next one.”
“So I just my hands are clean when I start my skincare routine because I wash my face right before I start. So I just when I'm, you know, tapping in and rubbing in the moisturizer, you can just feel on your forehead and your nose if that moisturizer has been fully absorbed and if your skin's ready for the next step.”
“Usually, if I feel like it's still on my skin, like it's a little bit wet, then I'll wait a little bit or get a fan or just fan myself in between just so it has time to go into the skin to absorb. And so when I put the next product or when I put on makeup, it won't look a mess and creased and not applied well.”
“My skin no longer feels damp. I also look in the mirror because I'll see the moisturizer still on my skin. It's like a layer on top, but I may have to go back and re not reapply, but smooth it into my skin because I'll I'll see it on top, like, a white streak of whatever my moisturizer is doing. I need it really to just not look damp for me to proceed with the next step.”
“Once I've used the serum on my face and it's been kinda padded into where my skin's absorbed it, you really can't tell at all. My skin doesn't feel much different. It doesn't feel dry. It just feels soft and smooth. And then after I add that moisturizer in, I pat that in. My skin does feel a little damp for a minute after that. So I do kinda try to wait for my forehead and my nose to feel more dry before I put that mattifying primer on.”
“I would say after you wash your face, pat your face dry, and then I would apply it like lotion. I would put a small amount, maybe like a dime size in your hand and just apply it all over your face, all the way down to your neck, to your chest, and just pat it with your hand until it is good in your skin. Wait five minutes, and then apply your primer or move on to your makeup. No need to reapply.”
“Well, I normally go by with the one at a one at the other. But two of my products is that you have to wait thirty minutes, and the other one is fifteen minutes. Today, I just don't have time to sit here and wait that long. But, normally, I will do the whole as one as ten to fifteen minutes, and the other one is thirty minutes. You gotta let it sit. So I normally try to make sure that if I would've woke up earlier, then I would've been able to do it, but I just don't have time to do it today.”
“When I use the Olay, that's the first product that I do after I wash my face. So this is the first thing I do. I'll use this one first, get a cotton pad, cleanse everything, put that away. The very next one I use and I'll only wait maybe a couple minutes. Wait a couple minutes then use the witch hazel. Go ahead and use that toner on my skin. Again, not too much because it will be irritating if I do. Then what I'll do is jump in the shower, make sure that all that steam and humidity opens up my pores after the shower, then I'll actually wash my face with water. And then once I come out, this is the first moisturizer that I'll use, the Olay vitamin c. This is the first moisturizer. I would say I wait probably about five minutes because after I'm done with that, that's when I'll, usually do my eyebrows and I'll just fill them in a bit. So that probably takes me about five, seven minutes. Once I'm done doing that, after about seven minutes, then I use the Aveeno. And it's usually just because how my routine is set up, it'll tell the difference of how many minutes is in between each step.”
“I would not really want any kind of visual indicator. I would just like, if the package says wait a minute, then I'll just wait a minute. Like, I yeah. Because, like, if there's some visual indicator and so what if I don't have a minute to wait? So then, like, my skin is all, like, a different color or something because it hasn't absorbed. Like, I would like to have the knowledge of how long it would take, but still be able to make the decision on do I have time to wait that long. The texture, no. I want the texture to always be nice. I don't want it to be some weird texture and then turn nice. It needs to stay nice. The visual, it should look the same. It shouldn't change. So just something on the package that says, hey. Wait a minute. Like, one minute, two minute, however long, and then proceed to the next step.”
“I usually wait five minutes, ten minutes. I'd say, like, maybe fifteen, twenty minutes. I'd say about fifteen minutes. I usually wait till my skin feels dry again because I don't know if you can really combine two different products while it's still intact on your face and it's wet. So I'm a little cautious about that. What makes me decide it's time to move to the next steps? It's just part of my daily routine now. I just it's just something I do. You know? I wake up and do the same thing every morning. You know? You like, some people wake up and drink coffee or they wake up and go to the gym. Wait. I wake up. I'll wash my face. You know? Everybody, like you know, it's just everybody has a routine. Mine just happens to be I'll wake up, wash my face, dry it down, wait till my face is dry, and start the process, and pretty much repeat that process until I'm done.”